Microbiology

Identification and characterisation of rhizosphere fungal strain MF‐91 antagonistic to rice blast and sheath blight pathogens

Updated: 2013-01-31 00:45:43

ConclusionRhizosphere fungus C. aureum is effective in the biocontrolling of rice blast pathogen M. grisea and sheath blight pathogen R. solani both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Significance and Impact of the StudyThis study is the first to show that rhizosphere fungus C. aureum is a potential fungicide against rice blast and sheath blight pathogens.© 2013 The Authors Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best Christmas presents and January Sales in the UK with this simple shopping directory.

Probiotic‐mediated competition, exclusion, and displacement in biofilm formation by foodborne pathogens

Updated: 2013-01-31 00:45:25

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Transcriptional profiling of Brazilian Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains selected for semi‐continuous fermentation of sugarcane must

Updated: 2013-01-30 15:16:44

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Group B Streptococcus CovR regulation modulates host immune signalling pathways to promote vaginal colonization

Updated: 2013-01-30 04:00:00

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Growth of Salmonella enterica in foliar pesticide solutions and its survival during field production and postharvest handling of fresh market tomato

Updated: 2013-01-30 04:00:00

ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence that pesticides may support the growth of Salmonella if introduced with source water and may elevate risk during foliar contact application beyond that of the water source alone. Significance and Impact of StudyThe study points out the importance of the microbiological quality of foliar contact water as a critical point to prevent contamination of fruits and vegetables from early stages of field production.© 2013 The Authors Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

High production of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) from a wild Bacillus megaterium Bolivian strain

Updated: 2013-01-30 04:00:00

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Identification and functional analysis of fructosyl amino acid binding protein from Gram‐positive bacterium Arthrobacter sp

Updated: 2013-01-30 04:00:00

ConclusionThis study identified a novel FABP from a Gram‐positive bacterium, Arthrobacter sp., which exhibited Nα‐FA specific binding ability. This is the first report concerning an FABP from a Gram‐positive bacterium, suggesting that FABP‐dependent FA catabolism system is also present in Gram‐positive bacteria. Significance and Impact of the StudyThe novel FABP exhibits the ability to specifically bind to Nα‐FA with a high affinity. This selectivity is beneficial for applying FABP in HbA1c sensing. The successful preparation of water‐soluble, functionally expressed Gram‐negative bacterial FABP may make way for future applications for a variety of SBPs from Gram‐positive bacteria employing the same expression strategy. The results obtained here enhance our understanding...

Perturbations of Plasmodium Puf2 Expression and RNA‐seq of Puf2‐Deficient Sporozoites Reveal a Critical Role in Maintaining RNA Homeostasis and Parasite Transmissibility

Updated: 2013-01-29 21:46:30

Summary Malaria's cycle of infection requires parasite transmission between a mosquito vector and a mammalian host. We here demonstrate that the Plasmodium yoelii Pumilio‐FBF family member Puf2 allows the sporozoite to remain infectious in the mosquito salivary glands while awaiting transmission. Puf2 mediates this solely through its RNA‐Binding Domain (RBD) likely by stabilizing or hastening the degradation of specific mRNAs. Puf2 traffics to sporozoite cytosolic granules, which are negative for several markers of stress granules and P‐bodies, and disappear rapidly after infection of hepatocytes. In contrast to previously described Plasmodium berghei pbpuf2‐ parasites, pypuf2‐ sporozoites have no apparent defect in host infection when tested early in salivary gland residence, bu...

Bacteriostatic Effect of Sequential Hydrodynamic and Ultrasound‐induced Stress

Updated: 2013-01-29 21:45:51

ConclusionsThe non‐chemical device caused a biostatic effect on treated cells induced by sub‐lethal damage to several cellular systems, including cell membranes.© 2013 Ashland Inc. Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

Incorporation of Listeria monocytogenes strains in raw milk biofilms.

Updated: 2013-01-29 14:20:11

. . : Warning The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function . more . NCBI Skip to main content Skip to navigation Resources All Resources Chemicals Bioassays BioSystems PubChem BioAssay PubChem Compound PubChem Structure Search PubChem Substance All Chemicals Bioassays Resources . DNA RNA BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST Stand-alone E-Utilities GenBank GenBank : BankIt GenBank : Sequin GenBank : tbl2asn Genome Workbench Influenza Virus Nucleotide Database PopSet Primer-BLAST ProSplign Reference Sequence RefSeq RefSeqGene Sequence Read Archive SRA Splign Trace Archive UniGene UniSTS All DNA RNA Resources . Data Software BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST Stand-alone Cn3D Conserved Domain Search Service CD Search E-Utilities GenBank : BankIt GenBank : Sequin

Spontaneous cocoa bean fermentation carried out in a novel-design stainless steel tank: Influence on the dynamics of microbial populations and physical-chemical properties.

Updated: 2013-01-29 14:20:11

Development of a random genomic DNA microarray for the detection and identification of Listeria monocytogenes in milk.

Updated: 2013-01-29 14:20:08

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Updated: 2013-01-29 08:29:54

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Proteus mirabilis uroepithelial cell adhesin (UCA) fimbria plays a role in the colonization of the urinary tract

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

In this report we used a uropathogenic P. mirabilis wild‐type strain and an isogenic ucaA mutant unable to express UCA in order to study the pathogenic role of this fimbria in UTI. Ability of the mutant to adhere to desquamated uroepithelial cells and to infect mice using different experimental UTI models was significantly impaired. These results allow us to conclude that P. mirabilis UCA plays an important role in the colonization of the urinary tract. © 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved (Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology)

In Chlamydia veritas

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Microbial taxonomy is an essential tool used to classify strains into different clades, i.e. taxonomic units. A natural classification system should be based on evolutionary history but this is often incompletely known. Hence taxonomy remains an evolving field changing as new information becomes available. © 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved (Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology)

Correction for Omsland et al., Developmental stage-specific metabolic and transcriptional activity of Chlamydia trachomatis in an axenic medium [Correction]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

MICROBIOLOGY Correction for “Developmental stage-specific metabolic and transcriptional activity of Chlamydia trachomatis in an axenic medium,” by Anders Omsland, Janet Sager, Vinod Nair, Daniel E. Sturdevant, and Ted Hackstadt, which appeared in issue 48, November 27, 2012, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (109:19781–19785; first published November 5, 2012; 10.1073/pnas.1212831109).The... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

ITIM regulation of herpesvirus fusion [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Herpesvirus entry functions of the conserved glycoproteins gB and gH–gL have been delineated, but their role in regulating cell–cell fusion is poorly understood. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection provides a valuable model for investigating cell–cell fusion because of the importance of this process for pathogenesis in human skin and sensory ganglia.... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Structure of the trypanosome HpHb receptor [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

African trypanosomes are protected by a densely packed surface monolayer of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG). A haptoglobin–hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR) within this VSG coat mediates heme acquisition. HpHbR is also exploited by the human host to mediate endocytosis of trypanolytic factor (TLF)1 from serum, contributing to innate immunity. Here, the crystal... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Host-specific neuronal degeneration [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Infection of newborn rats with Borne disease virus (BDV) results in selective degeneration of granule cell neurons of the dentate gyrus (DG). To study cellular countermechanisms that might prevent this pathology, we screened for rat strains resistant to this BDV-induced neuronal degeneration. To this end, we infected hippocampal slice cultures... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best Christmas presents and January Sales in the UK with this simple shopping directory.

Antibodies mediate protection against ZEBOV [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Ebola viruses cause hemorrhagic disease in humans and nonhuman primates with high fatality rates. These viruses pose a significant health concern worldwide due to the lack of approved therapeutics and vaccines as well as their potential misuse as bioterrorism agents. Although not licensed for human use, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Acidocalcisome IP3 receptor in Trypanosoma brucei [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Acidocalcisomes are acidic calcium stores rich in polyphosphate and found in a diverse range of organisms. The mechanism of Ca2+ release from these organelles was unknown. Here we present evidence that Trypanosoma brucei acidocalcisomes possess an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (TbIP3R) for Ca2+ release. Localization studies in cell lines expressing TbIP3R... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Xrn1 vs. miR-122 in HCV replication [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication is dependent on microRNA 122 (miR-122), a liver-specific microRNA that recruits Argonaute 2 to the 5′ end of the viral genome, stabilizing it and slowing its decay both in cell-free reactions and in infected cells. Here we describe the RNA degradation pathways against which miR-122... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Hepatitis C virus and miR-122 [Microbiology]

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Since the discovery in 2005 of the essential role of the liver-specific microRNA, miR-122, in HCV replication (1), the mechanism by which it stimulates this process has proved elusive. In PNAS, Li et al. demonstrate that miR-122 acts to shield the HCV genome against degradation by the cytosolic RNA exonuclease,... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Physiologic and metabolic characterization of a new marine isolate (BM39) of Pantoea sp. producing high levels of exopolysaccharide

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

Conclusions: Strain BM39, probably belonging to a new species, due to its remarkable EPS production, comparable to those of known industrial bacterial producers, could be suggested as a new microorganism for industrial applications. (Source: Microbial Cell Factories)

Utilization and optimization of a waste stream cellulose culture medium for pigment production by Penicillium spp.

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

ConclusionsPenicillium resticulosum demonstrated microbial pH‐stable‐pigment production potential using a xylose or CMC and N source, supplemented waste stream cellulose culture medium. Significance and Impact of the StudyCorn derived, waste stream cellulose can be used as a culture medium for fungal pigment production. Such application provides a process for agricultural waste stream resource reuse for production of compounds in increasing demand. (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best Christmas presents and January Sales in the UK with this simple shopping directory.

Radiorespirometric assays for the detection of biogenic sulfides from sulfate‐reducing bacteria

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

ConclusionsTests performed indicated that increasing the time of incubation of a mixed anaerobic microbial culture contributed to an increase in the sulfate reduction rates, as well as the amount of carbon source and inoculum. Significance and Impact of the StudyThe technique here developed proved to be a rapid test for the detection of biogenic sulfides, particularly those associated with corrosion products, being an useful tool for monitoring and controlling oil/water storage tanks, petroleum continental platforms and several types of reservoirs. (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

Methods for Primary Concentration of Viruses from Water Samples: A Review and Meta‐Analysis of Recent Studies

Updated: 2013-01-29 04:00:00

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Silence, activate, poise, and switch! Mechanisms of antigenic variation in Plasmodium falciparum.

Updated: 2013-01-28 18:46:48

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Inactivation of Internalized Salmonella Typhimurium in Lettuce and Green Onion Using Ultraviolet C Irradiation and Chemical Sanitizers

Updated: 2013-01-28 18:46:11

ConclusionHigh fluency UV‐C can significantly inactivate the internalized Salmonella in lettuce and green onion while maintaining the food quality. Significance & Impact of the StudyThis research provides applicable research outcomes for developing non‐thermal methods to inactivate internalized pathogens in fresh produce.© 2013 The Authors Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

Two ABC transporter systems participate in siderophore transport in the marine pathogen Vibrio anguillarum 775(pJM1)

Updated: 2013-01-28 18:45:19

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http://www.enago.com/blog

Updated: 2013-01-28 06:00:08

http://www.enago.com/blog

The intestinal fatty acid propionate inhibits Salmonella invasion through the post‐translational control of HilD

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: Transformative Proteomics for Clinical Microbiology [Perspective]

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

(Source: Clinical Chemistry)

Skin, soft tissue infections succumb to blue light

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

(American Society for Microbiology) Blue light can selectively eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections of the skin and soft tissues, while preserving the outermost layer of skin, according to a proof-of-principle study led by Michael R. Hamblin of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Harvard Medical School, Boston. The research is published online ahead of print in the journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Molecular diversity and high virulence of Legionella pneumophila strains isolated from biofilms developed within a warm spring of a thermal spa

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

Conclusion: The characteristics of Legionella pneumophila Lp1 strains isolated from the warm spring are in agreement with their presence in biofilms and their probable long-term persistence in this ecosystem. (Source: BMC Microbiology - Latest articles)

Chlamydia trachomatis infection prevents front‐rear polarity of migrating HeLa cells

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

Abstract Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause trachoma, sexually transmitted diseases and respiratory infections in humans. Fragmentation of the host cell Golgi apparatus (GA) is essential for chlamydial development, whereas the consequences for host cell functions, including cell migration are not well understood. We could show that Chlamydia trachomatis‐infected cells display decelerated migration and fail to repopulate monolayer scratch wounds. Furthermore, infected cells lost the ability to reorient the fragmented GA or the microtubule organization centre (MTOC) after a migratory stimulus. Silencing of golgin‐84 phenocopied this defect in the absence of the infection. Interestingly, GA stabilisation via knockdown of Rab6A and Rab11A improved its reor...

Postharvest grape infection of Botrytis cinerea and its interactions with other moulds under withering conditions to produce noble‐rotten grapes

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

ConclusionsThe suitability of inducing noble rot infection during grape withering and the improvement of the health of noble‐rotten grapes have been demonstrated. Significance and Impact of the StudyThis study provides insights on the effects of mould interactions on withered grape quality. Implementing noble rot induction by postharvest infection in winery drying fruit rooms to standardize the level of grape botrytization is encouraged. (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

Laboratory adapted Escherichia coli K‐12 becomes a pathogen of Caenorhabditis elegans upon restoration of O antigen biosynthesis

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

Summary Escherichia coli has been the leading model organism for many decades. It is a fundamental player in modern biology, facilitating the molecular biology revolution of the last century. The acceptance of E. coli as model organism is predicated primarily on the study of one E. coli lineage; E. coli K‐12. However, the antecedents of today's laboratory strains have undergone extensive mutagenesis to create genetically tractable offspring but which resulted in loss of several genetic traits such as O antigen expression. Here we have repaired the wbbL locus, restoring the ability of E. coli K‐12 strain MG1655 to express the O antigen. We demonstrate that O antigen production results in drastic alterations of many phenotypes and the density of the O antigen is critical for the observ...

ParA of Mycobacterium smegmatis co‐ordinates chromosome segregation with the cell cycle and interacts with the polar growth determinant DivIVA

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

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Using microbial genome annotation as a foundation for collaborative student research

Updated: 2013-01-28 04:00:00

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Expression of recombinant HA1 protein for specific detection of influenza A/H1N1/2009 antibodies in human serum

Updated: 2013-01-27 04:00:00

This study suggests the utility of rHA1 ELISA in serosurveillance. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best Christmas presents and January Sales in the UK with this simple shopping directory.

Lactobacillus casei Zhang modulate cytokine and Toll‐like receptor expression and beneficially regulate poly I:C‐induced immune responses in RAW264.7 macrophages

Updated: 2013-01-27 04:00:00

In this study, the immunomodulating effects of LcZ on cytokine and toll‐like receptor expression in RAW264.7 macrophages was assessed and it was found that live LcZ promotes production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and interferon (IFN)‐β. Transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was also enhanced by viable LcZ. The immunostimulating effects of live LcZ are significantly attenuated in heat‐killed LcZ. Live LcZ promotes TLR2 mRNA transcription, whereas heat‐killed LcZ enhances transcription of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR9. Furthermore, live LcZ significantly suppresses polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C)‐stimulated NO, iNOS and TNF‐α expression while enhancing expression of IFN‐β. It was also found that poly I...

Antigen 85A and mycobacterial DNA‐binding protein 1 are targets of immunoglobulin G in individuals with past tuberculosis

Updated: 2013-01-27 04:00:00

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Drug resistance and IS6110‐RFLP patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with recurrent tuberculosis in northern Thailand

Updated: 2013-01-27 04:00:00

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EWI‐2wint promotes CD81 clustering that abrogates Hepatitis C Virus entry

Updated: 2013-01-26 12:46:47

This study gives new insights on the mechanism by which HCV enters into its target cells, namely by exploiting the dynamic properties of CD81. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)

Presence of virulence markers in environmental Vibrio vulnificus strains

Updated: 2013-01-26 12:46:11

ConclusionsCaution should be exercised when consuming raw shellfish (especially by those more susceptible risk groups). Significance and Impact of StudyThis is the first work focused on the evaluation of V. vulnificus virulence factors in Mexico.© 2013 The Authors Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

The potential impact of washing machines on laundry malodour generation

Updated: 2013-01-26 12:45:58

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Phylogenetic Group – Associated Differences in Regulation of the Common Colonization Factor Mat Fimbria in Escherichia coli

Updated: 2013-01-26 12:45:43

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In vitro antimicrobial activity of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) polyphenols

Updated: 2013-01-26 12:45:31

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Specific detection and quantification of virulent/avirulent Phytophthora infestans isolates using a real‐time PCR assay that targets polymorphisms of the Avr3a gene

Updated: 2013-01-26 04:00:00

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Isolation, molecular characterization and antibiotic resistance of Shiga Toxin‐Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from buffalo in India

Updated: 2013-01-26 04:00:00

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Decolorization of salt‐alkaline effluent with industrial reactive dyes by laccase‐producing basidiomycetes strains

Updated: 2013-01-26 04:00:00

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Klebsiella pneumoniae targets an EGF receptor‐dependent pathway to subvert inflammation.

Updated: 2013-01-25 09:46:33

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Characterization of Bacteriocin Bificin C6165

Updated: 2013-01-25 09:45:59

ConclusionsBificin C6165 is indeed a novel bacteriocin and it exhibited remarkable potency for Alicyclobacillus control© 2013 The Authors Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for AppliedMicrobiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

Real‐time PCR based rapid and culture‐independent detection of Salmonella in dairy milk‐ addressing some core issues

Updated: 2013-01-25 09:45:48

In this study, methodologies were developed for cost‐effective, rapid and user‐friendly culture‐independent detection of Salmonella in milk by real‐time PCR. The SYBR Green based real‐time PCR assay was standardized with primers targeting the Salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) that have been earlier used for its detection by conventional PCR. Inclusivity tests generated the specific amplifications with a Tm corresponding to 81±0.5°C. The specificity of the reaction was evaluated with a panel of 36 non‐Salmonella strains. Standard curves generated, with different number of cells of this organism in milk, depicted the detection of 5 cells with a CT value of 37.17 (SD 0.43). In order to make the assays user‐friendly and suitable for field applications, protocols were also estab...

Direct evidence for the adaptive role of copy number variation on antifolate susceptibility in Plasmodium falciparum

Updated: 2013-01-25 09:45:33

We report that increases in gch1 CN alter pyrimethamine resistance in most parasites lines. However we find evidence of a detrimental effect of very high levels of gch1 overexpression in parasite lines with high endogenous levels of gch1 expression, revealing the importance of maintaining balance in the folate pathway and implicating changes in gch1 expression in preserving proper metabolic flux. This work expands our understanding of parasite adaptation to drug pressure and provides a possible mechanism for how specific mutations become fixed within parasite populations. (Source: Molecular Microbiology)

A galactose‐specific sugar:phosphotransferase permease is prevalent in the non‐core genome of Streptococcus mutans

Updated: 2013-01-25 09:45:03

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Long-term survival of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki in a field trial

Updated: 2013-01-25 07:02:29

Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 34-38, e-First articles. (Source: Canadian Journal of Microbiology)

Reduction of aflatoxin level in aflatoxin induced rats by the activity of probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

ConclusionLcS supplementation could improve the adverse effect of AFB1 induction on rats’ body weight, plasma biochemical parameters, and also could reduce the level of AFB1 in blood serum. Significance and Impact of StudyThis study's outcomes contribute to better understanding of the potential of probiotic to reduce the bioavailability ofAFB1. Moreover, it can open an opportunity for future investigations to study the efficacy of oral supplementation of probiotic LcS in reducing aflatoxin level in human.© 2013 The Authors Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

Structural and computational studies of the maleate isomerase from Pseudomonas putida S16 reveal a breathing motion wrapping the substrate inside

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

In this study, we determined the crystal structures of both wild type isomerase by itself and its C200A point mutant in complex with its substrate maleate, to resolutions of 2.95 Å and 2.10 Å, respectively. Our structures reveal that Asn17 and Asn169 play critical roles in recognizing the maleate by site‐directed mutants’ analysis. Surprisingly, our structure shows that the maleate is completely wrapped inside the isomerase. Examination of the structure prompted us to hypothesize that the β2‐α2 loop and the β6‐α7 loop have a breathing motion that regulates substrate/solvent entry and product departure. Our results of molecular dynamics simulation and enzymatic activity assay are fully consistent with this hypothesis. The isomerase probably uses this breathing motion to preven...

Substrate preference of 5′‐methylthioadenosine/S‐adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase in Burkholderia thailandensis

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

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Antifungal activity of volatile organic compounds from Streptomyces alboflavus TD‐1

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

Abstract Streptomyces sp. TD‐1 was identified as Streptomyces alboflavus based on its morphological characteristics, physiological properties, and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The antifungal activity of the volatile‐producing St. alboflavus TD‐1 was investigated. Results showed that volatiles generated by St. alboflavus TD‐1 inhibited storage fungi Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillum citrinum in vitro. GC/MS analysis revealed that 27 kinds of volatile organic compounds were identified from the volatiles of St. alboflavus TD‐1 mycelia, among which the most abundant compound was 2‐methylisoborneol. Dimethyl disulfide was proved to have antifungal activity against F. moniliforme by fumigation in vitro. © 2...

Bacillus and Streptomyces were selected as broad‐spectrum antagonists against soil‐borne pathogens from arid areas in Egypt

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

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Diversity and cold adaptation of culturable endophytic fungi from bryophytes in the Fildes Region, King George Island, maritime Antarctica

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

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Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on the microbiology of the respiratory tract

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

See article, page 272 (Source: Respirology)MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best Christmas presents and January Sales in the UK with this simple shopping directory.

Efficient synthesis of L-lactic acid from glycerol by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

Conclusions: This study demonstrates the efficient conversion of glycerol to L-lactate, a microbial process that had not been reported in the literature prior to our work. The engineered biocatalysts produced L-lactate from crude glycerol in defined minimal salts medium at high chemical and optical purity. (Source: Microbial Cell Factories)

Malaria parasites tolerate a broad range of ionic environments and do not require host cation remodeling

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

We examined these assumptions and the parasite's ionic requirements by establishing continuous culture in novel sucrose‐based media. With sucrose as the primary osmoticant and K+ and Cl‐ as the main extracellular ions, we obtained parasite growth and propagation at rates indistinguishable from those in physiological media. These conditions abolish long‐known increases in intracellular Na+ via parasite‐induced channels, excluding a requirement for erythrocyte cation remodeling. We also dissected Na+, K+, and Cl‐ requirements and found that unexpectedly low concentrations of each ion meet the parasite's demands. Surprisingly, growth was not adversely affected by up to 148 mM K+, suggesting that low extracellular K+ is not an essential trigger for erythrocyte invasion. At the same t...

An alternative sigma factor governs the principal sigma factor in Streptomyces griseus

Updated: 2013-01-25 04:00:00

Abstract In bacteria, the RNA polymerase holoenzyme comprises a five‐subunit core enzyme and a dissociable subunit, sigma factor, which is responsible for transcriptional initiation. The filamentous bacterium Streptomyces griseus has 52 sigma factors, including one essential “principal” sigma factor (σHrdB) that is responsible for the transcription of housekeeping genes. Here we characterized an alternative sigma factor (σShbA), which is highly conserved within the genus Streptomyces. A σShbA‐deficient mutant showed a severe growth defect and transcriptome analysis indicated that many housekeeping genes were downregulated in response to insufficient σShbA production. Biochemical and genetic analyses proved that σShbA is a major determinant of transcription of the σHrdB gene. ...